When was alfonso x born

On the one hand, we have the Spanish text of a set of canons without the corresponding collection of numerical tables. Unfortunately, it is difficult to check the veracity of these assertions except for three lunar eclipses one in and two in and one solar eclipse, on which we have a report transmitted by Isaac Israeli circa On the other hand, in the Latin tables one finds new parameters that might be the result of the alleged Alfonsine observations.

In about , a new set of Alfonsine Tables appeared containing numerical tables with titles in Latin but without the canons that could be attributed to the Alfonsine circle. The tables were enormously successful and became standard in Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Europe until , when Erasmus Reinhold published the Prutenic Tables. Nicolaus Copernicus used parameters derived from the Alfonsine Tables in his Commentariolus , and the Alfonsine tropical year of days, 5 hours, 49 minutes, and almost 16 seconds was the mean tropical year used in the De revolutionibus and became the basis for the Gregorian reform.

The total lack of information about the tables between circa and circa , and their complicated textual history between the 14th and 16th centuries, when every version or adaptation of this work added new tables to the original corpus, has recently led to a number of different opinions among historians.

At least one Poulle has denied any relation between the Latin tables and the work of Alfonso X. In this second set, the language used was Latin, reflecting the imperial aspirations of King Alfonso. Whatever the truth, it seems a fact that the Alfonsine Tables are the result of the work of the Alfonsine collaborators and that they mark the starting point of an original European astronomy that was still strongly influenced by an Arabic tradition.

Alfonso el Sabio Libro de las Cruzes , edited by Lloyd A. Kasten and Lawrence B. Barcelona: Planeta DeAgostini. Ballesteros , Antonio Alfonso X el Sabio. Barcelona: Salvat. The standard biography of Alfonso X. Reprinted with important indexes missing in the original publication, Barcelona: El Albir , Spanish National Library Madrid. Calendar Plan your trip Favourites.

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Alfonso's frequent absences from the country, moreover, proved an encouragement to rebellion. His Moslem subjects in Andalusia and Murcia revolted in with the help of Alfonso's tributary, the King of Granada, and the Merinid ruler of Morocco. A series of fresh disturbances followed during which Alfonso's eldest son, Ferdinand de la Cerda, carried the prime burden of military leadership.

Ferdinand's death in precipitated a lengthy struggle over the succession to the throne. The King's last years were clouded by the contest between the backers of his second son, Sancho, and those of his grandson Alfonso, the son of Ferdinand de la Cerda. In Sancho declared his father deposed. Sancho, however, was able to meet this threat and contain the old king within Seville.

Copernicus owned a copy of the second edition of , and indeed, his copy still survives, with his hand-written annotations. The Alfonsine Tables was printed numerous times and was in regular use until it was challenged by the Prutenic Tables of Erasmus Reinhold based on Copernican models , and then finally superseded by the Rudolphine Tables of Johannes Kepler in We have editions of all of these in the History of Science Collection, including a handsome copy of the Alfonsine Tables of , which we have drawn on for four of our images today.

We show the first page with the title information in red second image ; there was no title page per se , the first page of the star catalog third image , a diagram of a solar eclipse there are not many diagrams in the book; fourth image , and the colophon fifth image , which tells us that Ratdolt published the book when the Sun was in the 20th degree of Cancer or, more conventionally, on 4 Nones July July 4 , You can see the complete titlepage as the second image of our post on Philippe van Lansberge.

William B.